Our Ancient Relationship With Red Ocher and the Color of Cognition

Twenty-three million years ago, our distant ancestors developed trichromatic color vision, allowing them to see the color red. This evolutionary leap gave them a unique advantage, as most mammals are dichromats, only able to perceive blues and greens. This ability to see red was crucial in their quest for survival, helping them to spot red fruits against green foliage or to select nutritious leaves to eat.

The use of red ocher, a pigment derived from iron oxide, played a significant role in early human history. It was not only a versatile material used in practical applications such as hide-processing and tool-making, but it also held ritualistic importance. The deliberate selection and processing of red ocher for various cultural practices, including burial decorations, highlight its symbolic significance.

Furthermore, red ocher was not exclusive to Homo sapiens but was also utilized by other members of the Homo genus, such as the Neanderthals. Recent studies have shown that Neanderthals used ocher-based compound adhesives for crafting tools, showcasing their innovative thinking and advanced cognitive abilities.

The preference for red ocher over other pigments for ritualistic purposes suggests a deep cultural significance attached to the color red. Across different cultures and eras, red has symbolized concepts like good fortune, courage, passion, and revolution. Its enduring importance is evident in the global association of red with powerful ideas and emotions.

In conclusion, our ancient relationship with red ocher and the color red reflects not only our cognitive evolution but also our cultural practices and beliefs. The use of red ocher transcends mere practicality, serving as a symbol of creativity, spirituality, and human expression throughout history.

Read the full article “Our Ancient Relationship With Red Ocher and the Color of Cognition” by Irina Matuzava

🔭   This summary was human-edited with AI-assist.